High-purity benzaldehyde is a colorless liquid, whereas industrial-grade variants range from colorless to pale yellow, both carrying a distinctive bitter almond scent.
It features a melting point of -26 °C, boiling point of 179 °C, closed-cup flash point of 62 °C, and a density of 1.044 g/cm³ measured at 20 °C.
Sparingly soluble in water, the product mixes freely with organic solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and chloroform.
Benzaldehyde Chemical Properties
Melting point | -26 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 178-179 °C (lit.) |
Density | 1.044 g/cm3 at 20 °C (lit.) |
Vapor density | 3.7 (vs air) |
Vapor pressure | 4 mm Hg ( 45 °C) |
Refractive index | n20/D 1.545(lit.) |
FEMA | 2127 | BENZALDEHYDE |
Fp | 145 °F |
Storage temp | Store below +30°C. |
Solubility | H2O: soluble100mg/mL |
Pka | 14.90(at 25℃) |
Form | liquid |
Color | Pale yellow |
PH Range | 5.9 |
PH | 5.9 (1g/l, H2O) |
Odor | Like almonds. |
Explosive limit | 1.4-8.5%(V) |
Biological source | synthetic |
Odor Type | fruity |
Water Solubility | <0.01 g/100 mL at 19.5 ºC |
FreezingPoint | -56℃ |
Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
Merck | 14,1058 |
JECFA Number | 22 |
BRN | 471223 |
Dielectric constant | 17.8（20℃） |
Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reducing agents, steam. Air, light and moisture-sensitive. |
InChIKey | HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | 1.4 at 25℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 100-52-7(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Benzaldehyde(100-52-7) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Benzaldehyde (100-52-7) |
Benzaldehyde is a fundamental chemical feedstock for synthesizing downstream derivatives including lauraldehyde and benzyl benzoate, and can also function as an organic solvent.
It enjoys extensive application across multiple sectors: daily chemical fragrances for floral essences, soap scents, food and beverage flavors; pharmaceutical manufacturing to produce phenylglycine, ephedrine and related intermediates; and agrochemicals for herbicide production.
Beyond the above fields, it is utilized to manufacture dye intermediates, benzylamine and benzyl alcohol. Additionally, it acts as a dyeing auxiliary for polyamide fibers and a functional additive for electroplating solutions.
