Fumaric acid is an essential organic chemical feedstock and core fine chemical intermediate, produced as a major derivative of maleic anhydride. It has extensive utilization in food, coating, resin and plasticizer manufacturing. Within food processing, it functions as an acidulant for soft drinks, fruit juices, western fruit wine, canned fruits, pickled vegetables and ice cream. When applied in effervescent solid beverage formulations, it effectively improves foam durability and yields a refined, delicate texture for finished products.
Fumaric acid Chemical Properties
Melting point | 298-300 °C (subl.) (lit.) |
Boiling point | 137.07°C (rough estimate) |
density | 1.62 |
vapor pressure | 1.7 mm Hg ( 165 °C) |
refractive index | 1.5260 (estimate) |
FEMA | 2488 | FUMARIC ACID |
Fp | 230 °C |
storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
solubility | 95% ethanol: soluble0.46g/10 mL, clear, colorless |
form | Fine Crystalline Powder |
pka | 3.02, 4.38(at 25℃) |
color | White |
PH | 3.19(1 mM solution);2.57(10 mM solution);2.03(100 mM solution); |
Odor | odorless |
Odor Type | odorless |
biological source | synthetic |
explosive limit | 40% |
Water Solubility | 0.63 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
Merck | 14,4287 |
JECFA Number | 618 |
BRN | 605763 |
Stability: | Stable at room temperature. Decomposes at around 230 C. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents. Combustible. |
InChIKey | VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N |
LogP | -4.02 at 20℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 110-17-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Fumaric acid(110-17-8) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Fumaric acid (110-17-8) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | Xi |
Risk Statements | 36 |
Safety Statements | 26 |
RIDADR | UN 9126 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | LS9625000 |
Autoignition Temperature | 375 °C |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29171900 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 110-17-8(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 9300 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 20000 mg/kg |
Product Application
Fumaric acid is a non-hygroscopic strong acid featuring limited aqueous solubility. At 25°C, its solubility in distilled water is measured at 0.63g/100mL. The substance exhibits slow dissolution velocity in cold water; two feasible approaches are available to enhance its solubility: compounding with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate or micronization treatment to reduce particle size. For industrial formulation substitution, 0.317 kilograms of fumaric acid is equivalent to 0.453 kilograms of citric acid in acidulant performance.
